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A craftswoman leaves her finished work and promptly brings a modest, measured basket to help a neighbor repair a gate.
Mountain above Lake · Give with measureScene imagery · YiPhase original learning visual
Hexagram 41 · 山澤損
損SǓN

Decrease

艮 · Mountain · 兌 · Lake

损卦的重点不是越少越好,而是有诚信地减去过度之物、在合适的时候调配资源。两簋祭器也可以表达诚意;但《彖传》强调损益必须与时同行,不能要求任何人无止境地牺牲。六爻从及时而有分寸的援助,走向守住自身、辨清关系、接受支持,最终把所得用于公共利益。

Decrease is not a command to have less at all costs. It asks what can be reduced honestly, for whom, and at what time. Two simple offering vessels can carry real sincerity. The six lines move from measured help to sound boundaries, clearer relationships, received support, and a final benefit shared beyond one household.

Original Chinese, independent English explanations and modern examples. Check the sources.保留经典原文,英文独立释读,生活例子单独说明。查看依据。

LESSON 41 · EVERYDAY I CHING

Cut back without cutting the roots

第 41 课 · 生活里的卦意

A short bilingual narration with moving views of all six line images.

跟着双语讲解与逐爻画面,理解这一卦的生活处境。

▶ Play Lessons▶ 播放课程
YiPhase · Today

In everyday life这一卦在生活中

A modern scene to help you recognize the situation. This is YiPhase's own example, separate from the classical text below.

用当代处境帮助理解卦意。以下为 YiPhase 独立编写的例子,与后面的经典原文分开。

A situation you may recognize一个可能熟悉的处境

A neighborhood garden faces a dry month. The coordinator must decide what to cut: watering hours, a planned expansion, or each member's share of the harvest. Decrease does not mean everyone gives until empty. It means honest, timely reductions that protect essentials, keep trust, and let simple offerings—two baskets—still count.

社区花园遇上干旱月份。协调人要决定削减什么:浇水时段、扩建计划,还是每人的收成份额。损卦并非让所有人一味奉献到枯竭;它要求诚实、合时地减少过度之处,守住必需,也让两只简朴的篮子仍能表达诚意。

ASK YOURSELF想一想

Where is a sincere, measured decrease better than a grand sacrifice?

在哪里,真诚而有分寸的减少比一次轰轰烈烈的牺牲更合适?

The Judgment

The Judgment卦辞

The original Chinese remains visible as the cultural source. The English translation and reading explain it without replacing it.

先保留经典中文,再提供英文直译与现代中文解释。英文用于理解,不替代原文。

《周易》经文 · Original Chinese
損:有孚,元吉。无咎,可貞,利有攸往。曷之用?二簋可用享。

Decrease: with sincerity, great good fortune. No blame; it can be kept steadfast, and there is benefit in going somewhere. What should be used? Two simple offering vessels suffice for the rite.

Beginner’s reading

The two vessels make a concrete point: a sincere offering need not be lavish. Decrease becomes constructive only when trust and proportion guide it; austerity by itself is no virtue.

现代中文解说

古代祭享重诚,不以器物丰厚为唯一标准。“有孚”是损而可吉的前提;“二簋”说明简约亦可尽心,不是鼓励苛刻节省,更不能让弱者单方面承担代价。

Classical Commentary

Tuan Commentary & The Image彖传与大象

These classical commentaries are shown separately from the Zhouyi core text, so their textual role stays clear.

以下属于解释《周易》的经典传文,页面与卦辞分层展示,方便初学者看清文本来源。

彖曰 · Tuan Commentary
彖曰:損,損下益上,其道上行。損而有孚,元吉,无咎,可貞,利有攸往。曷之用?二簋可用享;二簋應有時。損剛益柔有時,損益盈虛,與時偕行。

《彖传》从“损下益上”的卦体说明損,但又三次强调“有时”“与时偕行”:减少与增加都要看对象和时机,不可变成固定的索取制度。诚意足时,祭享可简;需要补足时,也不可一味减。

The Tuan begins with movement from below to above, then limits that movement by time and circumstance. A simple offering fits a particular moment. Good judgment asks whether a reduction is truly needed, and whether the same pattern would become harmful if repeated.

象曰 · The Image
象曰:山下有澤,損;君子以懲忿窒慾。

A lake beneath a mountain: Decrease. A cultivated person checks anger and restrains desire.

山高泽低,形成损的取象。最值得主动减少的,首先是会伤人伤己的愤怒与无度欲望,而不是人的基本需要。

The mountain rises over the lake. The personal practice is specific: curb anger that harms others and wants that outrun what is enough, while preserving real needs.

Six Changing Stages

Six Lines: Position and Change六爻:位置与变化

Finish your own task, then help promptly and in measure. Hold your center rather than empty yourself. A crowded alliance may need a clearer pairing. Relief brings joy; support may arrive unasked. The last line turns gain outward without diminishing others.

初爻先了己事再速往,仍须酌量;二爻守中,不以自损换取表面助益;三爻以同行人数说关系里的疑与合;四爻所苦得解而喜;五爻有外来之益;末爻由不损人而益人,归于公心。

初九
A craftswoman completes her own work, then carries a carefully measured basket to a neighbor mending a gate.
初九 · Line 1 · 酌損之

已事遄往,无咎,酌損之。

Once your own work is finished, go quickly; no blame. Weigh how much to decrease.

“已事”是先完成自己职责,“遄往”是再及时回应他人。末句“酌损”保留分寸:帮助须真诚,但不能把自己的责任和能力全数耗尽。

Finish what is yours to do, then answer another's need without delay. The basket is modest by design: the line also asks you to measure what you give.

Help promptly, with measure
Picture this in daily life生活中的这一爻

A gardener finishes her own plot's watering, then carries a small basket of seeds to the neighbor mending a fence. She does not empty her whole seed stock; she measures out enough for the neighbor's row. The help is timely and real, and her own work is not abandoned.

一位园丁先做完自己地块的浇水与除草,再提着一小篮种子走到正在修篱笆的邻居那里。她没有把整袋种子倒空,只量出够种一行菜的量。帮忙及时而真实,自己的活儿也没有丢下。

Ask yourself: What must I finish before I rush to help?

想一想:我在赶去帮忙前,应先完成什么?

九二
A steward remains at an irrigation gate, sharing a small surplus channel while preserving the essential flow to his own field.
九二 · Line 2 · 弗損益之

利貞,征凶,弗損益之。

Steadfastness is beneficial; setting out is ill-omened. Without diminishing yourself, benefit the other.

九二居中,若继续削减自己去迎合,反会失去能帮助人的根本。因此宜守正,不贸然远征;“弗损益之”是以保持中正来成全助益。图借水渠表现共享有余、保留必需。

Staying at the gate is a form of service. Drain the source and everyone loses; keep enough to sustain it, and a useful flow can still reach others. The line values steadfast balance over a showy sacrifice.

Give without hollowing out
Picture this in daily life生活中的这一爻

A water steward stays at the shared irrigation gate during a dry spell. He lets a small surplus flow to the lower plots but keeps enough pressure for his own field. Leaving the gate to chase another scheme would risk the source; steady balance is the help.

干旱时,管水人守在共用水渠闸门旁。他让一小股余水先流向下游地块,却为自家田保留必需的水量。若贸然离开闸门去追逐别的计划,反会断了水源;守住中正的调配本身就是助益。

Ask yourself: Where does holding steady help more than rushing off?

想一想:在哪里,守住原位比贸然远行更能帮到人?

六三
Three travelers split at a fork; one leaves the group and meets a waiting companion, forming two clearer pairs.
六三 · Line 3 · 得其友

三人行,則損一人;一人行,則得其友。

When three travel together, one is reduced; when one travels alone, that person finds a companion.

《小象》说“三则疑”,古注把它读作相应之道:人多未必更合,独行也未必孤单。画面以岔路上重新结伴取象,不把现实中的三人关系机械判定为必败。

An extra voice can make a particular alliance uncertain, while a solitary step can open a fitting partnership. The fork shows a change in relation, not a rule that every group of three must break apart.

Find the fitting companion
Picture this in daily life生活中的这一爻

On a hill walk, three friends reach a fork. The trio's banter has made decisions slow, so one friend chooses the quieter trail and soon meets another hiker waiting at a marker. The two walk on as a clearer pair. The split is a change in fit, not a rule that trios always fail.

徒步到岔路口,三位朋友意见总难一致。其中一人选择较静的小路,不久在路标旁遇见另一位等候的同行者,两人重新结伴,步伐反而更合。此处取“三则疑”的相应之道:分开是关系重组,不是说任何三人组合都必散。

Ask yourself: When does a group need to change shape?

想一想:一个同行小组什么时候需要改变组合?

六四
At a courtyard gate, a companion quickly helps a weary woman loosen a painful wrist binding and sets aside her heavy basket; her posture and expression ease.
六四 · Line 4 · 遄有喜

損其疾,使遄有喜,无咎。

Reduce what ails you; let it happen quickly and there is joy. No blame.

「疾」既可指病苦,古注也有相思忧苦的读法。画面取及时减轻眼前苦处:友人赶来,帮疲惫的女子卸下重篮、松开勒痛的腕带,她得以舒一口气。这里强调适时求助与减负,并不保证伤病立即痊愈。

“Ailment” can mean bodily discomfort; classical readers also discuss emotional distress. Here help arrives promptly: a companion lifts a heavy load and eases a painful wrist binding. Relief becomes visible, without promising an instant cure.

Relief can come swiftly
Picture this in daily life生活中的这一爻

After a long separation, a woman waits by her building gate for a close friend whose train has been delayed. When the friend finally hurries up the path, the ache of waiting eases and joy shows on her face. The line is about timely relief, not a medical promise.

久别之后,一位女士在小区门口等一位列车晚点的好友。好友终于沿路匆匆赶来,她等候的牵挂顿时松开,脸上露出喜色。此爻说的是及时得到宽解,并非医疗效果的保证。

Ask yourself: What timely arrival would lighten a long wait for me?

想一想:什么及时的到达,会减轻我长久的等待?

六五
A humble leader receives a large tortoise-shell divination object and counsel from an elder while advisers stand nearby.
六五 · Line 5 · 或益之

或益之,十朋之龜弗克違,元吉。

Someone adds to you; even a tortoise worth ten pairs cannot oppose it. Great good fortune.

六五居尊而能自抑,故有人来益。“十朋之龟”是古代珍贵龟卜与众助的强烈物象,不宜翻作今日财富保证。画面让主事者接受龟甲与众人的意见,强调谦逊者能得支持。

At the center of authority, humility makes room for help. The large tortoise shell evokes an ancient sign of weighty confirmation; the surrounding advisers make human support visible. It is not a forecast of cash or guaranteed luck.

Let support arrive
Picture this in daily life生活中的这一爻

A neighborhood association chair admits she does not know how to solve a parking dispute. She accepts an elder's careful advice and a formal survey from residents instead of forcing her own plan. The old tortoise-shell image stands for weighty confirmation, not a promise of money; humility opens real support.

社区协会主席承认自己不懂如何解决停车争执。她没有强推自己的方案,而是接受长者的审慎建议和居民正式问卷的意见。古时“十朋之龟”象征郑重的确认,不是今日发财保证;谦逊让真实的支援进来。

Ask yourself: Whose counsel am I too proud to receive?

想一想:我因骄傲而不愿接受谁的忠告?

上九
A leader and willing aides distribute surplus grain from a communal storehouse to many households without taking away anyone's essentials.
上九 · Line 6 · 得臣无家

弗損益之,无咎,貞吉,利有攸往,得臣无家。

Without diminishing others, benefit them. No blame; steadfastness is auspicious and it is beneficial to go forth. Gain helpers beyond a private household.

损到极处转为益,不再以剥夺他人为代价。古注把“得臣无家”解为得众人归附,不局限一家之私,并非使臣民失去家园。画面呈现公共分粮和自愿协力。

At the end of Decrease, the movement turns toward gain that does not impoverish others. Helpers gather for a common task beyond one family's interest. “Without a household” here does not mean making anyone homeless.

Serve beyond one household
Picture this in daily life生活中的这一爻

At harvest's end, the garden coordinator and volunteer aides open the communal storehouse. They share surplus squash and beans with many households, but no one's own essential share is taken. Helpers join for a common task beyond one family, and the old phrase “without a household” does not mean making anyone homeless.

收成结束时,花园协调人和自愿帮手打开公共库房,把多余的南瓜和豆子分给许多家庭,却不拿走任何一家的必需份额。众人为一桩超出自家利益的事协力;“得臣无家”在这里不是让人失去家园。

Ask yourself: What surplus can I share without taking from anyone's essentials?

想一想:我有什么余裕可以分享,而不拿走任何人的必需?

Cultural Phrases

Classic Chinese Phrases可延展的中文经典短句

Chinese carries the cultural identity; English makes the meaning accessible. These phrases can later inform cards, objects, and décor.

中文保留文化识别,英文负责解释。这些短句可作为未来卡牌、装饰与文创的文字基础,具体载体仍需单独设计。

有孚

减与增,以诚为先。

Let sincerity guide what you give.

與時偕行

看时机,也看分寸。

Move with the right time and measure.

Questions about this hexagram这一卦的常见问题

What does Hexagram 41, Decrease, describe?第41卦描述什么处境?

Decrease is not a command to have less at all costs. It asks what can be reduced honestly, for whom, and at what time. Two simple offering vessels can carry real sincerity. The six lines move from measured help to sound boundaries, clearer relationships, received support, and a final benefit shared beyond one household.

损卦的重点不是越少越好,而是有诚信地减去过度之物、在合适的时候调配资源。两簋祭器也可以表达诚意;但《彖传》强调损益必须与时同行,不能要求任何人无止境地牺牲。六爻从及时而有分寸的援助,走向守住自身、辨清关系、接受支持,最终把所得用于公共利益。

How should I read its six lines?应该怎样阅读这六爻?

Read from the bottom line upward. Each position describes a different stage or condition. The highlighted line-position diagrams on this study page locate the line being explained; they are not a personal cast or a prediction.

从下往上读,结合不同位置与处境理解。这里的高亮卦画只说明正在讲哪一爻,不是个人起卦或预测结果。